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Technical Information & Guidelines

Indian Council of Ceramic Tiles and Sanitaryware

Technical Specification (Minimum Requirements)

S.No.	Characteristics	Wall Tiles	Floor Tiles	Vitrified Tiles	Industrial Tiles
1	IS				IS 4457:2007
2	ISO	13006 BIII	13006 BIIa	13006 BIa
3	EN	159 BIII	177 BIIa	176 BIa

A	Dimention & Surface Quality
1	Deviation in length	+ / - 0.5%	+ / - 0.6%	+ / - 0.6%	±0.75%
2	Deviation in thickness	+ / - 10%	+ / - 5%	+ / - 5%	±5%
3	Straighntness of sides	+ / - 0.3%	+ / - 0.5%	+ / - 0.5%	±0.5%
4	Rectangularity	+ / - 0.5%	+ / - 0.6%	+ / - 0.6%	±0.6%
5	Surface flatness (warpage)	+ / - 0.5%	+ / - 0.5%	+ / - 0.5%	±0.5%
6	Surface quality	Min.95% free from defects	Min.95% free from defects	Min 95%	Min 95%

B	Physical Properties
1	Water Absorption	> 10 % & < 20 %	> 3 % & ≤ 6 %	≤ 0.5 %	< 0.5%
2	Bending Strength/modulus of Rupture (N/sq.mm)	≥15	≥22	≥32	≥32
3	Scratch hardness (Mohs) EN 101	Minimum 3	4 to 6	Minimum 6	Min 6
4	Resistance to surface abrasion	To be specified by mfr.	To be specified by mfr.	Deep abrasion Maximum 175 mm3	< 175 mm3
5	Crazing resistance	Required	Required	Required	Required
6	Moisture expansion	Required	Required	Required	Required
8	Skid resistance (friction coefficient)			> 0.4	> 0.4
9	Breaking strength in N	Min 200	Min 600	Min 700	Min 700
10	Density (g/cm)			> 2.00gm/cc	> 2.00gm/cc
11	Frost resistance			Required	Required
12	Colour change resistance			Required

C	Chemical Properties
1	Resistance to staining	Minimum class 2	Minimum class 2	Required	Required
2	Resistance to household chemicals	Minimum class B	Minimum class B	Required	Required
3	Resistance to acid (wt. loss)	To be specified by mfr	To be specified by mfr	No damage	<1.5%

D	Thermal Properties
1	Thermal shock resistance	Required	Resistance to 10 cycles	Required	Required
2	Thermal expansion	< 9 x 10 -6 k-1	< 9 x 10 -6 k-1	< 9 x 10 -6 k-1	< 9 x 10 -6 k-1

IS - Bureau of Indian Standards, ISO - International Standards, EN - European Standards,

Technical Specifications - Wall Tile

S.No.	Property	ISO 13006 / EN-159 Group B III	Wall tile value	Method of Testing
1	Deviation in Length & Width	±0.5%	±0.3%	ISO 10545-2
2	Deviation in thickness	±5%	±4%	ISO 10545-2
3	Straightness of sides	±0.3%	±0.3%	ISO 10545-2
4	Rectangularity	±0.5%	±0.3%	ISO 10545-2
5	Surface flatness	±0.5%	±0.3%	ISO 10545-2
6	Surface Quality	Min 95%	Min 95%	ISO 10545-2
7	Water Absorption	> 10%	14% - 19%	ISO 10545-3
8	Flexural Strength (Average MOR)	> 15 N/mm2	>16N/mm²	ISO 10545-4
9	Scratch hardness of surface (Moh's scale)	Min, 3	Min, 3	EN 101
10	Crazing resistance	1 Cycle	2 Cycles at 7.5 Bar, Min	ISO 10545-7
11	Linear Thermal Expansion	9 x 10-6 K-1, Max	9 x 10-6 K-1, Max	ISO 10545-8
12	Thermal shock Resistance	No damage	No damage	ISO 10545-9
13	Resistance to household Chemicals	Resistance	Resistance	ISO 10545-13
14	Resistance to Staining	Resistance	Resistance	ISO 10545-14

Technical Specifications - Floor Tile

S.No.	Property	ISO 13006 / EN177 (Group BIIa)	Floor tile value	Method of Testing
1	Deviation in Length & Width	±0.6%	±0.5%	ISO 10545-2
2	Deviation in thickness	±5%	±4%	ISO 10545-2
3	Straightness of sides	±0.5%	±0.4%	ISO 10545-2
4	Rectangularity	±0.6%	±0.2%	ISO 10545-2
5	Surface flatness	±0.5%	±0.3%	ISO 10545-2
6	Surface Quality	Min 95%	Min 95%	ISO 10545-2
7	Water Absorption	3% - 6%	3% - 6%	ISO 10545-3
8	Flexural Strength (Average MOR)	> 22 N/mm2	> 22 N/mm2	ISO 10545-4
9	Scratch hardness of surface (Moh's scale)	> 3	4 to 6	EN 101
10	Resistance to Surface Abrasion (PEI)	I - V	PEI II –V	ISO 10545-7
11	Crazing resistance	2 Cycles	2 Cycles	ISO 10545-11
12	Linear Thermal Expansion	<9 x 10-6 K-1	<9 x 10-6 K-1	ISO 10545-8
13	Thermal shock Resistance	No damage	No damage	ISO 10545-9
14	Resistance to household Chemicals	Resistance	Resistance	ISO 10545-13
15	Resistance to Staining	Resistance	Resistance	ISO 10545-14

Technical Specifications - Vitrified Tile

No.	Technical Specifications	International Std. ISO 13006 / EN176 Group BIa	Vitrified Tile	Method of Testing
1	Deviation in Length & Width	±0.6%	±0.1%	ISO 10545-2
2	Deviation in thickness	±5%	±4%	ISO 10545-2
3	Straightness of sides	±0.5%	±0.1%	ISO 10545-2
4	Rectangularity	±0.6%	±0.2%	ISO 10545-2
5	Surface flatness	±0.5%	±0.2%	ISO 10545-2
6	Surface Quality	Min 95%	Min 95%	ISO 10545-2
7	Water Absorption	< 0.5%	< 0.05%	ISO 10545-3
8	Scratch hardness of surface (Moh's scale)	≥6	≥6	EN 101
9	Flexural Strength (Average MOR)	>35N/mm²	>38N/mm²	ISO 10545-4
10	Breaking Strength	>1300N	>1500N	ISO 10545-4
11	Resistance to deep Abrasion	<175mm3	<144mm3	ISO 10545-6
12	Skid Resistance (Friction coefficient)	>0.4	>0.4	ISO 10545-17
13	Bulk Density, in (g/cc)	>2	>2	DIN 51082
14	Linear Thermal Expansion	<9 x 10-6 K-1	<9 x 10-6 K-1	ISO 10545-8
15	Thermal shock Resistance	No damage	No damage	ISO 10545-9
16	Frost resistance	Frost proof	Frost proof	ISO 10545-12
17	Resistance to Chemicals	Resistant	Resistant	ISO 10545-13
18	Colour resistance to UV light	Resistant	Resistant	DIN 51094
19	Moisture expansion	Nil	Nil	ISO 10545-10

S.No.	Test Description	I.S.-4457: 2007
A	Dimension		Industrial tile
1	Length & Width	±0.75%	±0.6%
2	Thickness	±5%	±5%
3	Straightness of sides	±0.5%	±0.5%
4	Rectangularity	±0.6%	±0.6%
5	Surface flatness	±0.5%	±0.3%
B	Physical Properties
1	Water absorption	< 0.5 %	< 0.5 %
2	Mohs Hardness	-	>7
3	Flexural strength (MOR)	>35 N/mm²	>35 N/mm²
4	Breaking Strength	≥1300N	>1500 N
5	Abrasion resistance/Deep abrasion	<175mm3	<140mm3
6	Skid Resistance	>0.4	>0.6
7	Density (gm/cc)	>2	>2
8	Moisture expansion	Nil	Nil
C	Chemical Properties
1	Resistance to Acid (wt. Loss)	< 1.5 %	< 1.5 %
D	Thermal Properties
1	Thermal expansion	<9 x 10-6	<9 x 10-6
2	Thermal shock resistance	No damage	No damage

TIPS FOR BETTER CONSTRUCTION
CONCRETE
- Size of Concrete testing Cubes - 150 x 150 x 150 mm
- Weight of RCC - 2500 - 2700 Kg/ Cum
- Weight of PCC - 2400 Kg/ Cum
- Concrete cube is filled in - 3 Layers
- Slump Cone is filled in - 4 Layers
- Thickness of Shear wall - Min. 150 mm, Max. 400 mm
- Slope of Staircase 25- 40 degree
- Minimum thickness of slab - 125mm
- Dimension Tolerance for Cubes - +/- 2 mm
- Free fall of Concrete allowed - Max. 1.50 m
- Water - Cement Ratio for different grades of Concrete shall not exceed 0.45 for M20 and above and 0.5 for M10 & M15
- Slump value required - For lightly Reinforced - 25- 75 mm and for heavily reinforced - 75 - 100 mm
- pH value of water should not be less than 6 for construction
- Cube Samples required - Upto 30 Cum - 3 nos., Upto 50 Cum - 4 nos., Above 50 Cum - 4+1 no. of additional sample for each 50 Cum
- Compressive Strength required for Concrete: In 3 days - 45%, 7 days - 67 -70%, 14 days - 85%, 28 days - 100% +
- Clay and Silt content in Sand should not exceed 3% by weight or 8-10% by volume. For Crushed sand, Clay and silt content should not exceed 15% by weight
- Target strength of Concrete - 1.25 times design strength (Eg. For M40 - 1.25 x40)
- Cement Requirement for M10 - 210 Kg, M20 - 320 Kg, M25 - 340 Kg, M30 - 380 Kg
- Water absorption of Bricks - 12% to 20% of of its self-weight when submerged in water for 24 hours
- Compressive strength of Bricks - 105 Kg/ Cm² or 10.5 N/mm² for I class bricks
- 70 Kg/ Cm² or 7 N/mm² for II class bricks
- 35 Kg/ Cm² or 3.5 N/mm² minimum for bricks
- Compressive strength of Fly ash Bricks - 90 to 100 Kg/ Cm² or 9 to 10 N/mm²
- In Soil filling, 3 samples should be taken in 100 Sqm for testing dry density of soil by Core cutter test

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